Detailed explanation of stamping processing types

Stamping processing is an important process for metal forming, which can be divided into the following main types based on process characteristics, temperature, mold structure, and specific methods:

1、 Classified by process nature

Separation process

Punching: Separate materials along a closed contour, including dropping (retaining separated parts) and punching (retaining perforated parts).

Example: Computer case heat dissipation holes, car seat ventilation holes.

Renovation: Secondary processing of the cutting section to improve accuracy and section quality.

forming process

Bending: causing plastic deformation of materials to form corners, such as metal door and window frames.

Deep drawing: Stretching a flat blank into hollow parts (cup or box), commonly used for aerospace components.

Flanging: Turning the edge or outer edge of the hole into a vertical edge to enhance structural strength.

Bulging: Local expansion of materials through internal pressure, forming curved or complex shapes.

Squeezing: The material is constrained by the mold to flow and form, suitable for complex cross-sectional parts.

2、 Classified by processing temperature

Cold stamping

Applicable materials: Carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, etc. with a thickness of less than 4mm.

Advantages: No need for heating, good surface quality, low cost.

Disadvantage: It may cause work hardening and require the use of stamping oil to improve the process.

Hot Stamping

Applicable scenarios: When the material thickness is large, the deformation is complex, or internal stress needs to be eliminated.

Advantages: Strong material plasticity, low deformation resistance, and low equipment power consumption.

Key point: It is necessary to control the heating temperature (usually 800-900 ℃) to avoid oxidation and decarburization.

3、 Classified by mold structure

Simple stamping

Characteristic: Complete a single process (such as material dropping or punching) in one stroke.

Application: Small batch production or simple part processing.

Continuous stamping

Characteristic: In the same stroke, the mold completes multiple processes at different workstations.

Advantages: High production efficiency, suitable for large-scale production.

Composite stamping

Characteristics: Multiple processes (such as punching and material dropping) can be completed simultaneously at the same workstation.

Applicable scenarios: Large scale production of high-precision and complex parts.

4、 Classified by specific process methods

cut

Purpose: Cut sheet metal into specific shapes, such as car body parts.

Advantages: Efficient, low-cost, suitable for large-scale production.

ironing

Features: Reduce wall thickness during stretching, improve accuracy and strength.

Applications: high-precision containers, aviation components.

Reverse stretching

Purpose: To prevent material wrinkling and improve forming quality.

Applicable scenario: Processing of deep drawn parts.

5、 Special process type

Cut tongue (bend)

Characteristics: Cut open the material without separating it, forming a buckle or limit structure.

Application: Electronic device casing, sheet metal connectors.

beading

Purpose: To enhance local strength and form raised textures.

Typical applications: metal coverings, engine casings.

6、 Material utilization and efficiency optimization

Single process mold: Single process processing, high flexibility.

Progressive mold: Multi station continuous processing, high material utilization rate, suitable for complex parts.

Select by

Material characteristics: Carbon steel/stainless steel is suitable for cold stamping, while titanium alloy/magnesium alloy requires hot stamping.

Part shape: For simple corners, use a bending die, and for complex hollow parts, use a deep drawing die.

Production batch: Choose composite or continuous molds for large batches, and use simple molds for small batches.

By selecting the appropriate stamping type, production efficiency can be improved, costs can be reduced, and part performance can be optimized. In practical applications, it is necessary to combine material testing, mold design, and process validation to ensure processing quality.